5 Common Electrical Panel Code Violations and How to Fix Them

In the world of residential remodeling, few aspects are as crucial—and as frequently overlooked—as the electrical panel. As an electrical contractor specializing in residential remodel, we encounter a myriad of code violations that not only compromise the safety of a home but can also lead to costly repairs and delays. From panels located in non-approved locations to improperly installed breakers, common electrical code violations in electrical panels are an issue that homeowners and contractors alike must address.

In this blog, we will delve into the most common electrical panel code violations we encounter during residential remodels, offering insights into how these issues can be identified, prevented, and rectified. Our goal is to equip you with the knowledge to maintain a safe and code-compliant electrical system in your home, ensuring peace of mind for you and your family.

Inadequate Clearance Around Electrical Panels

One of the most frequent code violations we find is improper working space around an electrical panel. National Electrical Code (NEC) 110.26 requires:

• A minimum clearance of 36 inches (3 feet) in front of the panel for safe access.
• A width of at least 30 inches, or the width of the panel itself, whichever is greater. At all times, this space shall permit at least a 90-degree opening of the panel door.
• A workspace height of at least 6.5 feet (78 inches). This workspace extends from the grade, floor, or platform and shall be clear.
• The area must always remain free from obstructions, meaning no storage of boxes, tools, or other items in this space including benchtops, washer, dryer, water heater, etc.

Failing to maintain proper clearance can make it difficult for electricians to perform maintenance and pose serious safety risks during emergencies.

National Electrical Code (NEC) compliance for panel location

Another frequently encountered code violation involves the location of the electrical panel. According to National Electrical Code (NEC) 240.24, electrical panels cannot be installed in specific areas such as over stairs, in bathrooms, or in clothes closets. These restrictions are in place to ensure easy access for maintenance and to minimize risks associated with electrical hazards.

Having an electrical panel over stairs, for example, poses a maintenance hazard because there is no level platform for a person to stand on while servicing the panel. Similarly, bathrooms are off limits because the presence of water and moisture in general increases the risk of electrocution and degradation of the panel, while closets are unsuitable due to their confined space and potential fire hazards around easily ignitable materials like clothes.

If your home has an electrical panel located in one of these areas, you might have to have it relocated to a compliant location. This task should be undertaken by a qualified electrician who can ensure that the new location meets all safety and code requirements. Our blog here talks about the top considerations when you are thinking about changing or upgrading your electrical panel or electrical service.

Circuit Breaker Problems - Compatibility

Another code violation we frequently encounter is the installation of breakers in an electrical panel that are not from the same manufacturer as the panel. This issue arises when homeowners or contractors use breakers from one manufacturer in a panel designed by another manufacturer, without verifying compatibility.

Electrical panels and breakers are engineered to function together seamlessly, ensuring the safety and reliability of the electrical system. Using breakers that are not specified by the panel manufacturer can lead to several problems, including poor connections, overheating, and potential fire hazards. These mismatched components may not fit properly, leading to loose connections that can cause arcing and increase the risk of electrical fires.

To prevent this code violation, always refer to the panel's labeling or documentation, which lists the approved breaker models and manufacturers. If you're unsure whether a particular breaker is compatible with your panel, consult with a qualified electrician who can provide expert advice and ensure that your installation meets National Electrical Code requirements.

Correcting this violation involves replacing the incompatible breakers with ones that are approved by the panel manufacturer. This task should be performed by a licensed electrician who can guarantee that the new breakers are correctly installed and that the panel operates safely and efficiently.

Twin Breaker Installation - Panel Compatibility and Placement

The installation of twin breakers, also known as tandem breakers, presents another common code violation encountered during residential remodels. Twin breakers allow for two circuits to be installed in a single breaker slot, effectively doubling the capacity within the panel. However, this convenience comes with specific requirements that must be adhered to in order to maintain compliance with the National Electrical Code (NEC).

First, it's crucial to verify whether the electrical panel is rated for twin breakers. Not all panels are designed to accommodate twin breakers, and installing them in a panel not rated for such can lead to serious safety issues, including overheating and potential electrical fires. To determine if your panel is suitable for twin breakers, consult the panel's labeling or documentation, which will indicate the types of breakers approved for use in the panel.

Even if the panel is rated for twin breakers, there might be restrictions on where they can be installed within the panel. Typically, only certain slots within the panel are designated for twin breakers. Installing twin breakers in unauthorized slots can create a fire hazard because they are not rated to be there and could cause a fire. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that twin breakers are installed only in the specified locations within the panel.

To avoid this code violation, follow these steps:

1. Verify Panel Rating: Check the panel's labeling or documentation to confirm that it is rated for twin breakers.
2. Identify Approved Slots: Consult the panel's documentation to determine which slots are designated for twin breakers.
3. Consult a Professional: If you are unsure about the compatibility or placement of twin breakers, seek advice from a qualified electrician.

Double-tapped breakers or Mislabeled Electrical Panels - Risks and Regulations

Proper labeling of electrical panels and ensuring breakers are not double-tapped are essential for maintaining safety and compliance with the National Electrical Code (NEC). When a panel is mislabeled, it becomes challenging to identify which breaker controls a particular circuit, potentially leading to dangerous situations during maintenance or emergencies.

Another common issue associated with electrical panels is the presence of double-tapped breakers, where two wires are connected to a single breaker slot. This practice violates NEC regulations and poses significant risks. Double-tapped breakers can result in loose connections, overheating, and arcing, which increases the likelihood of electrical fires. To prevent such violations, it is crucial to ensure that each circuit is connected to its designated breaker slot.

To avoid issues related to double-tapped breakers or mislabeled panels, follow these tips:

1. Proper Labeling: Ensure that each breaker in the panel is accurately labeled with the corresponding circuit it controls. See our blog here about labeling your panel for more detail about this subject.
2. Inspect for Double-Taps: Inspect the panel to identify and correct any double-tapped breakers. If you find double-tapped breakers, consult a qualified electrician to rectify the issue and comply with NEC regulations. You can find more information about double-tapped breakers at our blog here.

In conclusion, ensuring the safety and compliance of your electrical panel is paramount. By being aware of common code violations such as obstructions around the panel, double-tapped breakers, mislabeled circuits, and improper breaker placement, you can take proactive steps to address these issues. Inspections, proper labeling, and adherence to the National Electrical Code (NEC) standards are essential practices for maintaining a safe electrical system. Never hesitate to consult with a professional electrician if you encounter uncertainties or require expert guidance. By prioritizing the integrity of your electrical panel, you safeguard your home, prevent potential hazards, and ensure the continued reliability of your electrical infrastructure.